Nail-finishing machine.



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NAIL FINISHING MAGHINE.

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Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

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APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, 1903.

Patented Jan. 5. 1909.

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NAIL FINISHING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED sum. 24, 1903.

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B. B. PIERCE 6 L. W. NEWTON NAIL FINISHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION IILBD SEPT. 24. 1903.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

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B. E. PIERCE & L. W. NEWTON.

NAIL FINISHING MAUHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.24,1903.

908,493. Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

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NAIL FINISIHING MACHINE.

APILIOATION FILED SEPT 24 1903 908,498. Patented Jan.5,1909.

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Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

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E. E. PIERCE & L. W. NEWTON. NAIL FINISHING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIDN FILED SEPT. 24, 1903.

908,493. Patented Jan. 5,1909.

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' APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, 1903. Patented Jan. 5

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E. E. PIERCE & L. W. NEWTON.

NAIL FINISHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24,1903.

Patented J an. 5, 1909.

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E. B. PIERCE & L. W. NEWTON. NAIL FINISHING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24, 1903. Patented Jan 5,

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@vihwaus duce its ductility and usefulness.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERASTUS E. PIERCE AN D LEWIS W. NEWTON, OF NEW BRIGHTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO STANDARD HORSE NAIL CGMPANY, OF NEW BRIGHTON, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- TION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

N AIL-FINISHIN G MACHINE To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ERASTUS E. Pnmoe and LEWIS W. NEWTON, both citizens of the United States, and residing at New Bri hton, in the county of Beaver and State of sylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in N ail-Finishing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

In the art of making horse shoe nails judicious cold rolling is very important, but it is capable of bein carried to excess. When the nails are rol ed from a rectangular rod, it is customary to use a rod having a cross sectional area just a little in excess of the blade of the nail where it joins the head, and upsetting the stock to form the head. If larger stock is used too much cold rolling necessarily follows, reducing the quality of the finished nails, and heads less uniform in size and quality are produced by the cold process than those that are hot for ed.

It is our purpose to combine t e advantages of the best amount of cold rolling in the blade, with a uniform head in which the stock has not been so overworked as to re To effect these results we construct a machine by means of which the forged blanks having heads in all respects constructively com pleted, and blades roportioned for the best amount of cold rolling for tensile strength and stiffness, are stamped with the trademark or other design if any is required, rolled, beveled and curved, sheared and rebeveled.

The novel features of this machine will now be fully set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1, 2, are front and side elevations of the machine; Fig. 3 is a plan view; Fig. 4 is a cross sectional elevation; Fig. 5 is a side view of the branding and transferring device; Fig. 6 shows some of the parts 0 Fig. 5 in different positions; Fig. 7 is a front view of part of the devices shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 8 is a plan, in cross section, of the magazine tube, showing the detent; Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate details; Fi 11 is a partial plan View of one set of ro ing dies and adjuncts; Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 13 is an outer end elevation of Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is a section on the line 1414, Fig. 11; Fig. 15 is a section on the line 15-15 Fig. 11, showing the adjusting devices for changenn- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 24, 1903.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

Serial No. 174,496.

in the position of the centers of the die ho ders; Fi 16 is an edge view of one of the roller dies; ig. 17 is a vertical section of the rebeveler, showing a nail in contact with working parts; Fig. 18 is a plan view of rebeveler and adjuncts; Fig. 19 illustrates the form of the front of the nail before rebeveling; Fig. 20 illustrates a reworked or rebeveled omt; Fig. 21 is a side elevation of the beve er-curver; Fig. 22 is a sectional elevation of the shears and unch holder; Fig. 23 is a plan view of both t e boveler-curver and shears; Fig. 24 is a side elevation of the same; Fig. 25 is an end or outer elevation of the shears and the beveler-curver; Fig. 26 shows views of the shears centering fingers Fig. 27 is a detached view of the shaft carrying the branding device; Fig. 28 is a detached view of another arm of the branding device; Fig. 29 is a plan of the spring retaining hook arms of the transfer device; Fig). 30 is a longitu dinal vertical section of the lank holder; Fig. 31 a longitudinal section of the presser bar; Fig. 32 a plan of the turret and operatmg parts.

n some of the views some of the parts are omitted to more clearly exhibit the remaining parts and the views are drawn to different scales.

The nail blanks, as described, are conducted to the machine one at a time through a magazine tube 51, Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 8, and are each operated on successively until finished. The first o eration, while the blank hangs suspended etween fixed separated jaws 52, 52 below the tube 51, Figs. 6 and 7, consists in carrying the blank forward by a presser 56 impressing the head against a die or stam 54, Fig. 5, having a design on its face an by which a trade mark, number or other imprint is made. The resser t en moves back and down and the lankis then carried backward from the jaws 52 by reciprocatin fingers 57, 57, by which it is conducted elow a'blank holder L, havin claws between which the head of the b ank is passed, and by which it is gri ed and the lank 18 then drawn upward. he holder L is then carried in a circular path one step and descends to carry the shan of the blank between the first pair of separated roller dies 83, 83, (Figs. 3 and 11 to 16). The dies are then brought to bear on the blank which is drawn u as the dies rotate and draw out the stem. 11 reaching the limit of its upper motion, with the stem above the dies, the holder moves another step carrying the blank above and then down between a second pair of roller dies, which will close upon the blank, which is then again drawn up, and so on in connection with any desired number of dies. As shown there are eight pairs of roller dies, preferably, each carried by a housing F; but the number ma be varied. After the drawing operations the blank is carried to a device G, Figs. 1, 3, 21 to 25, termed a beveler and curver to be beveled and curved or set and thence is presented to a suitable shearer or cutter H and sheared, and is then moved onward another ste to a rebeveler I when the beveled point is again pressed and condensed so as to solidify it, the arching caused by shearing is removed, the corners squared, and a better finish and a superior qluality imparted to the nail. The nail is tien ejected into a suitable chute. These operations may be effected by means of dewoes of different constructions combined in an operative machine so as to secure an automatic feeding, grasping, stamping, drawing, setting, shearing and condensing of the ma and are all combined and arranged to operate in the machine illustrated, but before describing the manner in which they are supported and operate, we will describe in detail the different individual devices.

The blankfeed'ing devices.-The nail blanks to be finished are fed by any suitable means to a magazine tube 5]. The body of this tube is shown as formed of a steel bar, rectan ular in cross section and having a longitudmal groove 402 in one face of a size suited to the heads of the nails to be finished. To the grooved face of said bar are secured two steel strips 403, separated sufficiently to rovide a sight 0 emng or slot through which the passage 0 nails down the tube can be observed.

To the lower end of the feed tube are rigidly secured, by means of a screw-bolt 40], two L-shaped ieces 400, the ends of the inwardly rojecting portions of which are beveled at t eir upper faces to corres 0nd to the angle of the lower face of the nai heads and constitute the jaws 52, between which the shank of a nail passing from the feed tube will extend and be sup orted by engagement of its head with said aws. For controlling the passage of blanks through the feed tube and to the said jaws 52 the following means are employed. A transverse channel 404 is formed at the lower end of the feed tube in the rear of the face lates or strips 403. This channel extends through the L-shaped pieces 400 and the front face of the main piece or body of the feed tube; and is about two and one-half times as deep as the channel or groove 402 down which the nail blanks pass. A plate 405 is secured to the outer face of the right-hand piece 400, being clamped by the screw bolt 401. To prevent dis lacement of the L-shaped pieces 400 when tie plate 405 is moved as hereinafter described, said ieces 400 are provided with dowel pins, not s iown. In the front edge of the late 405 is formed a notch, the rear side of w 'ch is in alinement with the rear wall of the channel 404. The top of said notch is inclined as shown at 405, Fig. 5, and the lower horizontal side thereof is on a higher lane than the bottom of the channel 404. n the channel 404 is arran ed an adjusting and holding bar 406, the rig thand end thereof being reduced in thickness and extendin outwardly through the aforesaid notch in t e plate 405 and being enga ed by an arm 407 mounted on a shaft 408, ig. 7. By loosening the bolt 401 slightly, the lower end of the plate 405 can be swung to one side to permit the withdrawal of the bar 406. The top 405 of the notch in plate 405 is inclined as shown to allow the plate to swing back for the purpose of removing the bar 406, which could not be done with the plate swinging on the bolt 401 as a ivot if the top of the notch was fitted to the bar 406.

A passage or bore extends throughout the lengt of the vertical member of each L- shaped piece 400, Fig. 10, said passa es being reduced in diameter for a short (istance near their u per ends. In said passages are arrange plungers 409 the lower ends of which rest on the bar 406. The upper portions of said plungers are reduced in size forming stems around which are arranged coiled springs 308, said springs abutting at their ends against the internal shoulders at the upper ends of the wider ortions of said passages and against the sioulders formed on the plungers. Collars 410 secured to the u per ends of said plungers, which extend a ove the pieces 400, limit the downward motion of the plungers.

A groove 411 (Fig. 10) is formed in the front face of the slide bar 406 and, when the bar is moved to the right so as to bring a shoulder 412 thereon against the plate 405, alines with and forms a continuation of the roove 402 in the feed tube. A notch 413 is formed in the lower face of the slide bar 406 and extends continuously across said. bar. This notch is of greater depth on the lefthand side, looking at the face of the feeding device, than on the right-hand side and is wider at its rear than at its front end. The left-hand wall of said groove 413 extends at substantially right angles to the front face of the slide bar while the ri ht-hand side is inclined as shown, so that t 1e slide bar 406 will complete its travel to the left gradually.

It can. travel to the left from position ,shown in Fig. 10 onl so fast as it is allowed to do so by the with rawal to the rear of the nail head. If the groove 413 was straight throu h the bar, the bar could not move to the le t at all till the nail head was entirely out of the groove and then it would move with a jump and stop with a shock at the end of its movement, owing to the fact that movement is imparted to the bar by spring pressure.

The blanks are severally arrested in the feed tube 51 by a detent 309, Fig. 8, which is secured to a spring 310 and extends through the slot in the feed tube between the strips 403. Means are provided for forcing said spring and detent outwardly at intervals to release the blank suspended by the detent. Said spring 310 and detent 309 are supported by a yoke 414 which is clamped to the feed tube by a set screw 450, the head of the screw being forced against the tube as shown. This connection ermits adjustment of the yoke and the etent vertically of the feed tube as may be required for nails of different lengths. The free end of the spring 310 bears against the beveled face of a bar 311 formed integral with an arm 416 on the shaft 408, to which shaft the operating arm 407 of the slide bar 406 is connected, as above described.

The operation of the parts above referred to is as follows :Assuming that the arms 416 and 407, and the bar 406, are in such positions that said slide bar has been moved to the limit of its movement to the right, so as to bring the shoulder 412 thereon against the inner face of stop plate 405. As the machine is set in operation, arms 416 and 407 are moved to the left, causing the slide bar 406 to close the passage from the feed tube to the jaws 52 and causing the beveled face of bar 311 to move the free end of spring 310 outwardly, withdrawing the detent 309 from the feed tube and allowing the blanks in the tube to fall until the point of the lower one rests on the slide 406. After a short pause the above described motions are reversed, the detent 309 is moved into the feed tube and comes into contact with the second blank therein, the vertical groove 411 in the slide being brought into alinement with the assage in the feed tube permitting the lower blank, previously supported by said slide, to fall from said tube between and have its head caught by the jaws 52. The next leftward movement of the arms 41 6, 407, and slide bar 406 is interrupted by the engagement of the head of the blank then engaged by the 'aws 52 with the forward end of the incline side of slot or groove 413. At this time the nail su ported by said jaws is pressed downwarc ly and against t 10 leftand jaw 52 by the springs 308 and plungers 409 acting on said bar 406 and by the arm 407 which is exerting pressure to the left on said bar 406. The blank is now held firmly against the left-hand jaw 52 and is in the proper position, both laterally and vertically, to be branded or stamped.

The branding and transfer devices-A suitable die 54 is sup orted in a holder 55 opposite the face of t e head of the blank supported as aforesaid by the jaws 52. This die ioldcr is provided with curved slots 360 to receive bolts 300 by which it is adjustably secured, to swing on a curve, to a carrier 301. The blank is forced against the die by a pressure 56 secured in an inclined position in an arm 58 on a rock shaft 304, Figs. 1, 2, 27, and this arm 58 is carried towards the anvil by an arm 60, carried by a sleeve 306 rocked on the shaft 304. A bolt 305 extends through both arms 58 and 60 and has a nut 306 bearing on a spring 62 which is compressed as the arm 60 is carried forward so as to allow a slight yield if the pressure is too great. The adjustment of the nut also secures an adjustment of the arm 58. The vertical sliding movement of the preser bar 56 on the arm 58 is controlled by a link 67 pivoted to the side of the arm and at its lower end pivoted to a fixed stud 69 so that as the arm 58 swin s inward, the link will assume an incline position and draw the presser bar downward to avoid contact with the claws of the blank holders L. The presser bar is recessed to receive a spring 70, Fig. 31, which revents any tendency to crampin on the ink joints or pins when the presser bar 56 is at its lowest point. The reciprocatin fingers 57 are secured to a block 64 which 18 removably bolted to the arm 58 by a bolt 66. As the arm 58'is moved toward the die holder said sprin fingers 57 move with the presser bar 56 an the shoulders 312 on said fingers pass the nail blank just in advance of the presser bar coming into contact with the head thereof to force it against the die. The inner surface of the ends of the fingers 57 are beveled as shown at 57 so that they are easily separated by and enabled to pass on opposite sides of the blank. As soon as the branding is completed the motion of the arm 58 is reversed, the )resser moves back and down and the blan is carried by the fingers 57 cooperatin with the presser 56 to one of the blank hol ers L, it being forced to follow the movement of the bar 58 by reason of its two outer corners being engaged by the shoulders 312 of the fingers 57. As the branded blank is thus withdrawn from the die the previously interrupted leftward movement of the slide bar 406 is completed (the fingers 57 withdrawim the blank rearwardly through the slot 4133 and the detent 309 is withdrawn from the feed tube, permitting the second blank to fall untilits lower end rests upon said slide bar 406. This cycle of operations is repeated con tinuousl while the machine is in operation. The s aft 408 by which the slide bar 406 and detent 309 are actuated, as above described, is driven as follows: This shaft, which is arranged in a vertical position is of square cross section throu bout the greater ortion of its len th, but as two journals Formed thereon, t e one at the lower end of the shaft having a hearing at 120 in the bed plate 120 and the second journal, near the upper end of the shaft, extendin into a bearing-which is secured to the fee tube 51. Near its lower end the shaft 408 is rovided with an arm 417, preferably ormed inte ral with the shaft and extendin at right ang es to the direction of the lengt of arms 407 and 416. Mounted and sliding on the bedlate 120 below said arm 417 is a block 418, aving a in 418 extending u wardly therefrom an into a hole 417 a in t e arm 417. Throu h a passage in said block 418 works the s iding bar 419. This bar has a head at one end and a nut at the other and about it are arranged two com ression s rings S and S the one, S, being etween tie head and the block 418, and the other, S, between the nut and the block. The head of the bar 419 is provided on its sides with rooves into which extend the legs of a forke late 420 which is bolted to the arm 58 by t 1e screw bolt 420. The said rooves or slots in the head of bar 419 are ma e relatively large to avoid any cramping when the plate 420 and bar 419 chan e their positions and angles relative to eac other, any lost motion of the forked plate in the said slots being of no consequence. It will be seen that the motion of the bar 419 longitudinally and the osition of its head laterally are controlle by the plate 420 on the moving arm 58, and that the central portion of the bar is controlled in its position laterally by the block 418.

As the fingers 57, 57, carried by the arm 58, approach the nail as before described, the bar 419, being driven or moved longitudinally in the same direction by the plate 420, carried by the same arm 58, compresses the spring S against the block 418, and rotates t e shaft 408 which is connected as aforesaid with the block. Such rotation of shaft 408 continues until the bar 406 engages and is sto ped by the head of the nail as before described, or, if there is no blank hanging in the jaws 52, 52, until the bar 311 comes in contact with a screw or sto projecting from the feed tube 51 and whic determines the limit of motion to the left of the arms 416 and 407. Any further motion of the bar 419 toward the block 418 has no other effect than to further compress the spring S. As the fingers 57, 57 withdraw the branded blank from the jaws 52 to transfer it to one of the blank ho ders L, the slide bar 406 of the feed devises eompfetes its metien to the left, and the detent 309 is withdrawn from the feed tube to release the blank 'ust above the bar 406 as before described. hese motions are completed by the pressure of the spring S against the block 418, notwithstanding the fact that the bar 419 is receding along with the fingers 57, 57, and arm 58, said s ring S being of such len th, strength and e asticity as to accomplish t edesired result. The return motion of the block 418, bar 406, etc., is accomplished through the medium of the spring S, as will be readily understood.

The blank holders.Each blank holder (one of which is shown in detail in Fi 30) is mounted to slide vertically in a tubu ar easing 84, Figs. 4 and 5, and consists of a sleeve 59, Fig. 30, a stem 71, having a limited sliding motion in the sleeve, claws 73, 73, carried by. the stem, and a spring 72 surrounding the stem in the sleeve and tending to force the sleeve downward. The lower end of the stem is slotted to receive the shanks of the claws which are pivoted together by a pin 313 assing through overlapping ears beneath w ich extends a pin 82 crossing the slot of the stem and supporting the claws so as to allow a slightvertical movement of the latter, the outer edges of which are beveled so that when the sleeve moves downward the claws will be carried toward each other. The stem has a head 105 provided with a crank pin 74, eccentric to the stem and whereby the stem may be turned sufficiently to present the blank in different positions successively to the different operating devices, and the sleeve is prevented from descending, in case of breaking of the pin 82 or the claws, by a split rin 207 seated in an annular groove 206 near t e to of the sleeve, said ring bearing on a shoul er of the stem. The removal of the ring is facilitated byan opening 208 through which a rod may be passed.

On the descent of the sleeve 59 it is arrested by a stop 75, Fig. 5, on the frame, while the stem and other parts descend further, which 0 ens the claws, prior to the head of the blan being carried between them. The stem and claws are now lifted, the claws gripping the head firmly, as the sleeve is ressed down by the spring 72. As the head is introduced between the claws, they are prevented from openin too far by guides, not shown, so arran e as to ocmupy positions 0 posite the e ges of the claws when the hol er is at its lowest point.

The rolling dim-The dies 83, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 11 to 16, are in pairs and they may be of anydesired number of pairs, eight being shown, each pair carried by a frame or housing F consisting of side pieces 118 and end plate 119. The dies are mounted in holders which have short journals 315, Fig. 12, which tern in eccentric seats ef eyiin-drieal ings 123, Figs. 12 and 15, each having worm teeth engaging right and left worms 124 on shafts 125, by rotating which the bushings are turned to set the dies slightly to or from each other. The shafts 125 carry gears 320, 

